Madrid of the Austrias: This is the name of the part of Madrid built during the reign of the dynasty of the Habsburgs, from Felipe I to Carlos II, who died in 1700. In 1561 Felipe II makes Madrid the capital of the Empire. The administration moves to Madrid and then the shops, convents... arise.
Puerta del Sol: During the reign of the Habsburgs it was the entrance gate to the capital. The Calle Mayor, main artery of the Madrid of Felipe II starts from one side of this square and from the other Arenal Street, which leads to the Royal Palace (Palacio Real).
Plaza Mayor (main square): Finished in 1620. Arched square. Felipe II ordered Juan de Herrera to design a square over the old Plaza del Arrabal, the main commercial centre of Mediaeval Madrid.
Plaza de la Villa: Following Calle Mayor downwards we come to the Plaza de la Villa. Square where one can see the Casa de la Villa. Currently used by the Town Council of Madrid.
Puente de Segovia: The oldest bridge in the city. Built between 1582 and 1584 by Juan de Herrera.